If you need ductwork for your air conditioning projects or heating project, the duct shop will ship your ac ducting quickly, directly to your home or hvac job site. This 2017 va hvac design manual for the department of veterans affairs va healthcare facilities is the only detailed design requirements manual for va. Duct components starting with the basics, lets start at the most elementary level by identifying components of a duct system. Two duct design experts, jjw bill siganto and murray mason provide a wealth of information on the topic. Starting with the basics, lets start at the most elementary level of air flow fundamentals. Ceiling plenums, duct chases, and obstructions such as walls and beams often dictate that a certain size duct be used, regardless of whether or not it is the best size from a. Calculation excel sheets, autocad and revit drawings, software tutorials and training courses for hvac, firefighting, electrical and plumbing. A comprehensive duct layout indicating sizes, design airflows, pressure class, and routing of the duct system.
You will be introduced to the tools needed to work the sheet metal. Design guide for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems. All control systems operate in accordance with few basic principles but before we discuss these, lets address few fundamentals of the hvac system first. Duct systems are designed to properly distribute air throughout a building. This chapter introduces you to basic sheet metal and fiberglass ductwork fabrication. Heat conduction and thermal resistance for steady state conditions and one dimensional heat transfer, the heat q conducted through a plane wall is given by. Rightsizing of a heating, ventilation, and airconditioning hvac system is the. The purpose of residential ductwork design is to properly distribute the airflow, produced by your heatingcooling system, to your house. Design options for hvac distribution systems overview the objective of an hvac heating, ventilating, and airconditioning system is to control the temperature, humidity, air movement, and air cleanliness, normally with mechanical means, to achieve thermal comfort. Metal and air condition contractors national association. Hvac system consists of an air conditioning plant and a thermal distribution system as shown in figure 1. The two fundamental concepts, which govern the flow of air in ducts, are the laws of. Principle of duct design in hvac systems cedengineering. Prepare for the ase heating and air conditioning a7 certification test content.
The following basic terminology is extensively used. Ansismacna 0062006 hvac duct construction standards. Static pressure is the outward push of air against duct surfaces and is a measure of resistance when air moves through an object like duct work. The fundamentals of duct system design mcgill airflow. Schematic diagram of summer ac system5 as shown in the figure, the air conditioning ac plant acts either as a heat source for winter or as a heat sink for summer. The duct shop has the largest selection of quality sheet metal ducts, duct fittings, and airflow ducts for duct fitters and duct installers. The furnace is usually confused with boilers, but theyre different hvac appliances. The purpose of this manual is to familiarize the designer will the basics of acoustics, and to apply these basics to typical hvac designs. There are many different types of hvac systems, and knowing which type of system to apply to a particular project is a key part of being successful in this field. Enable the reader to understand the fundamental principles and operation of the heating. Any one of the system types, or a com bination of different types, can be utilized to fit the needs of a particular structure. Compliance to the design manual, which promulgates minimum performance design standards for va owned and leased.
This hvac for beginners section begins here with a discussion about forced air duct systems, the basics, the how and why of duct sizing. Ductwork and duct systems components for hvac professionals. Its usually in the basement, and its an important component. A duct system is a network of round or rectangular tubesgenerally constructed of sheet metal, fiberglass board, or a flexible plasticand wire compositelocated within the walls, floors, and ceilings.
Duct size manufacturing costs duct systems pressure losses operation cost. A delivery system for all forced air systems, furnace or air handler, heating or air conditioning, or both. Va standards are the culmination of a partnership among the department of veterans affairs va, the va administrations, program officials, clinicians, industry, academic and research organizations, expert consultants, and the office of construction and facilities management. Basic classification of hvac systems for selection guide. The application of heating, ventilating, and airconditioning hvac controls starts with an understanding of the building and the use of the spaces to be conditioned and controlled. Quick introduction a good duct design is a balance between. To illustrate the air distribution basics and the issues faced when implementing a robust duct. Static pressure is the pressure that causes air in the duct to. Provide the reader with a case study on the design and optimisation of an airconditioning ac system. Mechanical service contractors of americas hvac 101 curriculum gives nontrade personnel a better understanding of hvacr terms, basic systems and the visual tools they need in successful daytoday interactions with customers and coworkers. Chapter layout and fabrication of sheet metal and. This is because most background sound sources are generated by the hvac equipment.
Choosing the rightsized duct is critical to maintain proper air flow in the system. Ducts that are not well designed result in discomfort, high energy costs, bad air quality, and increased noise levels. This involves return air unconditioned coming into the heatingcooling system. There are several basic types of supply and return duct systems.
Also needed by the designer are the locations of heatproducing equipment such as vending machines, copiers, and large servers. Air, whether it is from outside or recirculated within the area, acts as a vehicle for airborne. Measured in inches of water column inwc, it acts equally in all directions and is independent of velocity. Howard, iii sheet metal and air conditioning contractors national association. Give an overview of the historical development of the heating and ventilation system and introduction of the airconditioning ac system. Heating load 5 heating, ventilation, and air conditioning hvac 2 latent heat 3 mechanical refrigeration 6 relative humidity rh 4 temperature 2 key terms after studying this chapter, the reader should be able to. Introduction to air conditioning gtac11 a basic introduction assuming no previous knowledge of the subject matter. Floor plans also often include a furniture layout that will help the hvac designer determine occupancy patterns. The furnace moves air from the heat exchanger into the air ducts. This page and all of its content is intended as a guideline from which to understand the basic principles of residential ductwork systems and their design. Understanding the basics of residential ductwork design is the key to ensuring your entire heating and cooling system is adequate and efficient.
Identify code requirements regarding sizing, design, and selection of hvac equipment and ducts explain how the acca manual j, s and d load calculation standards are used to determine appropriate sizing and design of ducts and hvac equipment describe the role the hvac system plays in moisture control and the effect. Each section of duct, each fitting, each turn of the air adds resistance to that air flow because of friction and turbulence. For more info, check out furnace basics for beginners. Then, by heatingcooling that air, delivering the newly conditioned air to your home. The furnace takes up a majority of the space in an hvac system. Duct design quick introduction duct sizing tools and methods recommended duct velocities and noise effects duct fitting pressure losses do and donts of duct design duct applications as 4254. As it travels through a trunkandbranch duct system, the quantity keeps diminishing because some of it gets diverted down each branch on the way to the end. Fundamentals distribution systems 2 space availability the sizing criteria will often be defined by the space available to run the ductwork figure 1. This 3hour hvac training online video series provides guidance on how to properly use a friction chart andor accas duct slide rule values for sizing duct in the field. Download free mep calculation excel sheets, autocad drawings, and training courses for hvac, firefighting, plumbing and electrical systems design.
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